What does the term "neurodegenerative disease" refer to?

The term "neurodegenerative disease" specifically refers to conditions that result in the progressive degeneration or death of nerve cells (neurons) in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This category includes a variety of diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive and motor functions.

These diseases often lead to significant impairment due to the ongoing loss of neurons, impacting functions such as memory, movement, and coordination. The term implies an irreversible process where the structural integrity of the nervous system is compromised over time, leading to worsening symptoms and increased disability.

Understanding that neurodegenerative diseases are progressive is crucial, as it influences treatment approaches and patient management strategies that aim to slow the progression and manage symptoms rather than provide a cure.