What is the primary function of glial cells?

The primary function of glial cells is to support and protect neurons. Glial cells, which include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia, play a crucial role in maintaining the overall health and functionality of the nervous system. They provide structural support, supply nutrients to neurons, maintain the extracellular environment, and facilitate the repair of nervous tissue. Additionally, glial cells contribute to the formation of myelin, which insulates neuronal axons and helps in the efficient transmission of nerve impulses.

While neurons are responsible for transmitting signals and generating electrical impulses, glial cells do not themselves perform these functions. They play a supportive and regulatory role, ensuring that neurons can function effectively. Neurotransmitter production is another task primarily associated with neurons and certain specialized glial cells, but the main role of glia is not in creating neurotransmitters but rather in supporting the cells that do.