Which factor is not considered a risk factor for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME)?

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) predominantly presents in adolescents, typically between the ages of 12 and 18. The onset at ages 14-15 aligns with the commonly observed age range for this condition and is considered a significant risk factor. Similarly, sleep deprivation is widely recognized as a precipitating factor that can trigger seizures in individuals with JME. Additionally, absence seizures are often related to JME, as some patients may initially present with these types of seizures before the characteristic myoclonic jerks occur.

In contrast, the age range of 3-4 years is outside the typical onset period for JME. Although epilepsy can manifest at various ages and numerous types of seizures can occur in younger children, JME specifically is associated with later childhood and adolescence, making this age group not a recognized risk factor for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Thus, selecting this age range highlights the understanding that JME is not generally diagnosed in very young children.