Which neuroimaging techniques are commonly used for diagnosing neurological disorders?

The use of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and CT (Computed Tomography) scans is fundamental in diagnosing neurological disorders due to their ability to provide detailed images of the brain and spinal cord. MRI, in particular, utilizes strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create high-resolution images, enabling the detection of abnormalities such as tumors, strokes, and neurodegenerative diseases. CT scans, on the other hand, use X-rays to generate cross-sectional images of the brain, making them valuable for detecting bleeding, fractures, and other acute conditions. Together, these imaging techniques are essential tools in clinical settings for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in neurology.

While other options listed include imaging and monitoring techniques that have their own applications, they do not hold the same level of prevalence for diagnostic purposes in typical clinical practice for neurological disorders. For instance, PET scans are useful in assessing brain metabolism but are less commonly used than MRI and CT for initial diagnosis. Techniques like ultrasound provide limited imaging capabilities for the central nervous system, and EEG (electroencephalogram) is primarily used to assess electrical activity in the brain rather than structural imaging. Functional MRI and DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) are specialized techniques that can evaluate brain function and connectivity but are